CocoaModem is a Mac OS X application which implements modems (modulator-demodulators) for some of the Amateur Radio modulation modes. CocoaModem’s name is a reference to the MacOS X Cocoa framework that it uses. The cocoaModem application is free and can be downloaded from the Downloads tab at the top of this page. CocoaModem is built as a Universal Binary and runs.
Operating via digital modes is the fastest-growing segment of ham radio today. Applying the power of digital signal processing (DSP) allows hams to communicate keyboard to keyboard, using just a few watts of output power and modest equipment.
- DominoEX is a digital mode using MFSK (Multi-Frequency Shift Keying), used to send data (for example, hand-typed text) by radio. MFSK sends data using many different tones, sent one at a time. Each tone element ('symbol') can carry several bits of data. Most other digital modes uses each tone to.
- Operating via digital modes is the fastest-growing segment of ham radio today. Applying the power of digital signal processing (DSP) allows hams to communicate keyboard to keyboard, using just a few watts of output power and modest equipment. On HF bands, digital modes must overcome the hostile effect of the ionosphere and atmospheric noise on.
On HF bands, digital modes must overcome the hostile effect of the ionosphere and atmospheric noise on delicate bits and bytes. Modes such as PSK31, PACTOR, and Throb make short transmissions with robust error detection and correction mechanisms. Limits on transmission bandwidth keep data transmission rates to less than 10 Kbps, but these restrictions have stimulated hams to create interesting protocols.
Mac Digital Network
![West digital mac West digital mac](/uploads/1/2/6/4/126427057/279356865.jpg)
PSK modes
The most widely used digital mode on the HF bands is PSK31. Peter Martinez (G3PLX) invented it — a great example of ham innovation — and developed a complete package of Windows-based software to support it. He generously placed his creation in the ham radio public domain, and hams are adopted it like wildfire. Also, the PODXS Ø7Ø Club specializes in this popular mode.
Resource | Description |
---|---|
DigiPan | Free software for operating PSK31 and PSK63 |
FLDIGI | Free software that supports a large number of digital modes |
PSK31 | Latest updates on the mode and software, and an e-mail reflector for discussing PSK31 |
PSK stands for phase shift keying, and 31 represents the 31.25-baud rate of the signal — about regular typing speed. It also uses a new coding system for characters, called Varicode, that has a different number of bits for different characters, not unlike Morse code.
Instead of a carrier turning on and off to transmit the code, a continuous tone signifies the bits of the code by shifting its timing relationship (known as phase) with a reference signal. A receiver syncs with the transmitter and decodes even very noisy signals because the receiver knows when to look for the phase changes.
PSK31 is very tolerant of the noise and other disturbances on HF bands. In fact, you can obtain nearly solid copy with signals barely stronger than the noise itself. The lighter streaks represent signals, and each horizontal line represents a new sampling of the receiver’s output. New signals appear at the top and slowly drift downward in a waterfall display.
Because the bandwidth of PSK31 is so narrow, finding other PSK31 stations on the air requires a pretty good idea of where they are. The most common frequencies are 3580.150, 7035.0, 10142.150, 14070.150, 18100.150, and 21080.150 MHz.
Since PSK31’s introduction, several enhancements have been made in the original protocol, including a variant called PSK63 that adds some features and quality improvements at the expense of bandwidth.
Radioteletype
![Ham radio digital modes for mac Ham radio digital modes for mac](/uploads/1/2/6/4/126427057/486355121.jpg)
Digital Modes For Ham Radio
Morse code was the first real digital mode, but the first fully automated data transmission protocol was radioteletype (RTTY). Commercialized in the 1930s, RTTY (pronounced ritty by hams) uses a 5-bit code known as Baudot — the origin of the word baud.
The Baudot code sends plain-text characters as 5-bit codes that use alternating patterns of two audio frequencies known as mark and space, creating a type of modulation called frequency shift keying (FSK).
The tones 2125 Hz (mark) and 2295 Hz (space) fit within a normal voice’s bandwidth, so the RTTY signal can be transmitted with a regular SSB transceiver in place of a voice signal.
On the receiving end, the SSB transceiver receives the transmission as an audio signal. The text characters can be recovered from the pair of mark and space tones by an external decoder or a computer and sound card running software such as MMTTY.
Resource | Description |
---|---|
AA5AU’s RTTY page | Tutorial information, links to RTTY programs, troubleshooting, and RTTY contesting |
MMTTY software | Most popular RTTY software for computers |
RTTY e-mail reflector | International membership e-mail group |
PACTOR and WINMOR
A user of RTTY quickly discovers that the fading and distortion common on HF can do serious damage to characters sent via Baudot code. Teleprinting over Radio (TOR) enables radio systems to send text characters. TOR systems include data organization and error-correction mechanisms to overcome the limitations of RTTY.
PACTOR goes one step further by adding error-checking packets to the mode. PACTOR II and III add error correction. PACTOR adjusts its speed based on conditions as well. PACTOR III is the most recent release of this technology available to hams. PACTOR III and subsequent versions are available only in equipment available from SCS.
WINMOR achieves almost the same data rates as the advanced PACTOR modes and can be used with a computer and sound card; no external controller is required. WINMOR is commonly used in the Winlink e-mail system.
Similar data modes include the proprietary family of CLOVER modes. These modes use transmitted waveform shapes and frequencies that are carefully managed to keep the signal within a 500 Hz bandwidth and decrease errors caused by HF propagation.
Packet
Packet is short for packet radio, a radio-based networking system based on the commercial X.25 data transfer protocol. Developed by the Tucson Amateur Packet Radio group (TAPR), packet can send error-corrected data over VHF links, which led to the creation of novel data systems for hams.
With packet, ordinary VHF/UHF FM transceivers transfer data as audio tones. An external modem called a terminal node controller (TNC) provides the interface between the radio and a computer or terminal. Data is sent at 1200 or 9600 baud as packets of variable length up to about 1,000 bytes.
The protocol that controls packet construction, transmission control, and error correction is called AX.25 (for Amateur X.25). Some packet systems can also use the TCP/IP Internet protocol.
Mac Interface For Digital Modes
Like wired networks, packet systems are connected in many ways. A packet controller is called a node. The connection between nodes is a link. Connecting to a remote node by using an intermediate node to relay packets is called digipeating. A node that does nothing but relay packets is a digipeater. A node that makes a connection between two packet networks or between a packet network and the Internet is called a gateway.
- HamScope
HamScope is a freeware windows multi-mode communications package for amateur radio that supports: PSK31 BPSK and QPSK RTTY ASCII MFSK16 PACKET CW. Support radio control interface for several ICOM, TenTec, Kenwood, and Yaesu transceivers. Compatible with DXbase LOGic 7 RYLogit TRX-Manager YPLOG. By KD5HIO Glen - MixW V3
PSK31, RTTY, SSTV, MFSK, MT63 Olivia Hellschreiber SSTV and other modes, Log, DXCluster, telnet access, log backup, Rotor, CAT and whatever you dream in a single program - MultiPSK
Windows freeware multimode program by F6CTE it supports BPSK31 QPSK31 PSK63 PSK63F PSK10 PSKFEC31 PSKAM CW CCW THROB 4 bauds THROBX RTTY SITOR-AMTOR-NAVTEX FELD HELL PSK JT65 HELL HF FAX SSTV FILTERS - DigiPan
DigiPan provides a panoramic display of the frequency spectrum in the form of an active dial scale extending the full width of the computer screen. DigiPan is the result of a joint effort between myself and Nick Fedoseev, UT2UZ, the author of MIXW32, and is intended to make PSK31 operation easier and more enjoyable for everyone. - PSK31 Deluxe
PSK31 Deluxe is a PSK31 and PSK63 program for novices and power users.It has been replaced by Digital Master 780 and is now a legacy product.The last version of PSK31 Deluxe was shipped with the HRD 4.0 SP4 kit and is no more availabe and supported. - Zakanaka
A digital mode decoding and terminal program that uses no terminal unit, terminal node controller, or multimode hardware.It does all its decoding using the sound card inside the computer, and it can interface with a radio using a COM port.Zakanaka is an extremely cost-effective way of operating PSK31 and RTTY - Digital Master 780
Digital Master 780 is a windows multi-mode program which uses Ham Radio Deluxe for radio control. It is part of HRD package and support PSK, QPSK, Contestia, CW, DominoEx, Hell, MFSK, MT63, OLIVIA, RTTY, RTTYM, THROB and SSTV. Free version was made available with HRD 5.
- Accessible Digipan- Blind and visually impaired ham radio operators can now operate PSK31 in a powerful and accessible application
- AirLink Express- AirLink Express is a user friendly digital mode software package for the Amateur Radio Operator. The software is compatible with Microsoft Windows XP and Microsoft Windows Vista. It offers PSK, MFSK and RTTY digital modes with logging and macro capabilities. If you have ever used the Digipan software you will be immediately familiar with Airlink Express. The user interface is almost identical by Alex Krist, KR1ST[ Hits: 7792 | Votes: 22 | Rating: 7.45 ]
- cocoaModem- CocoaModem is an opensource MacOSX application which implements modems (modulator-demodulators) for RTTY PSK MFSK Hellschreiber CW SITOR HF-FAX provided by W7AY
- Contact PSK- A spanish commercial windows PSK Software, demo version is available by EA1CUI[ Hits: 952 | Votes: 5 | Rating: 6.2 ]
- CYBORG- Freeware windows RTTY PSK31 software decoder that allow logging, award tracking and qsl printing. By SQ1FTB
- DarwinPSK- DarwinPsk is free to licensed ham radio operators and is a great application for PSK and RTTY communications under MacOSX[ Hits: 5407 | Votes: 8 | Rating: 8.63 ]
- DigiPanpop- DigiPan provides a panoramic display of the frequency spectrum in the form of an active dial scale extending the full width of the computer screen. DigiPan is the result of a joint effort between myself and Nick Fedoseev, UT2UZ, the author of MIXW32, and is intended to make PSK31 operation easier and more enjoyable for everyone.
- Digital Master 780- Digital Master 780 is a windows multi-mode program which uses Ham Radio Deluxe for radio control. It is part of HRD package and support PSK, QPSK, Contestia, CW, DominoEx, Hell, MFSK, MT63, OLIVIA, RTTY, RTTYM, THROB and SSTV. Free version was made available with HRD 5.[ Hits: 20771 | Votes: 48 | Rating: 6.54 ]
- DroidPSK- DroidPSK is an android application to decode and encode Ham Radio BPSK31 with the build in microphone/speaker or wired to your radio.This app run on Android Devices only.
- Fldigi- Fldigi Freeware Digital multi mode program for Linux, Free-BSD, MacOS X and MS Windows . Support CW and several digital modes like PSK31, MFSK, RTTY, Olivia, WeFax, Hell and others and is a fully multi platform application[ Hits: 15254 | Votes: 20 | Rating: 7.85 ]
- FNpsk- The FNpsk program provides for accurate message handling and net management of amateur radio emergency communications using the PSK31 or PSK63 digital formats
- HamScopeupdatedpop- HamScope is a freeware windows multi-mode communications package for amateur radio that supports: PSK31 BPSK and QPSK RTTY ASCII MFSK16 PACKET CW. Support radio control interface for several ICOM, TenTec, Kenwood, and Yaesu transceivers. Compatible with DXbase LOGic 7 RYLogit TRX-Manager YPLOG. By KD5HIO Glen[ Hits: 114536 | Votes: 248 | Rating: 6.93 ]
- IZ8BLY Stream- Stream is a software that implements MFSK16 and MFSK8 modes designed by me and Murray Greenman ZL1BPU. It also offers a series of experimental modes based on FEC, interleaving and several modulation techniques (PSK, QPSK, MSK).
- KC9L PSK- KC9L PSK is a free PSK31 program based on AE4JY’s PSKCore DLL. It supports 5 RX channels, full duplex operation, and more. Even if it's development has been dismissed, is a good tool for windows 95/98 pc.[ Hits: 1225 | Votes: 0 | Rating: 0 ]
- LinPsk- Psk31 program for Linux, supports up to four simultaneous receive windows.
- MixW More Icons- A collection of extra Icons for the superb MixW programme.[ Hits: 1805 | Votes: 20 | Rating: 7.6 ]
- MixW V3pop- PSK31, RTTY, SSTV, MFSK, MT63 Olivia Hellschreiber SSTV and other modes, Log, DXCluster, telnet access, log backup, Rotor, CAT and whatever you dream in a single program
- MMvari- MMVARI is a multi-Mode SoundCard Ham (Amateur) Radio program for receiving and transmitting the RTTY-PSK-FSK-MFSK modes. The program was written to experiment with the efficiency of transmitting Japanese and East Asian languages (HL/BV/BY) using the VARICODE[ Hits: 5970 | Votes: 9 | Rating: 8.22 ]
- MPSKWIQ- PSK31 Software for the EZKIT and Windows 95/98 PC
- MultiPSKupdatedpop- Windows freeware multimode program by F6CTE it supports BPSK31 QPSK31 PSK63 PSK63F PSK10 PSKFEC31 PSKAM CW CCW THROB 4 bauds THROBX RTTY SITOR-AMTOR-NAVTEX FELD HELL PSK JT65 HELL HF FAX SSTV FILTERS[ Hits: 95307 | Votes: 146 | Rating: 7.33 ]
- PacTerm for Windows- PacTerm for Windows is a commercial host mode terminal software for the Kantronics TNCs takes advantage of the true multitasking capabilities of Windows.
- PropNerPSK- PropNetPSK is a PSK (Phase Shift Keying) program capable of receiving multiple signals (2 - 16) at one time for the exclusive use to decode a properly formatted PropNetPSK beacon signal. If you are looking for a Keyboard to Keyboard type of program, this will not fit your bill.[ Hits: 760 | Votes: 1 | Rating: 10 ]
- PSK Express - PSK Express is a replacement for YGPSK, it is multi-mode and will allow you to use PSK, RTTY or MFSK at various speeds. Requires .Net framework and run under windows, freeware.
- PSK31 Deluxe- PSK31 Deluxe is a PSK31 and PSK63 program for novices and power users.It has been replaced by Digital Master 780 and is now a legacy product.The last version of PSK31 Deluxe was shipped with the HRD 4.0 SP4 kit and is no more availabe and supported.[ Hits: 24859 | Votes: 59 | Rating: 6.4 ]
- PSKGNR Front end- A front end program that adds typeahead, macros,and much more to PSK31SBW orPSK31EVM.
- QuikPSK- Supports both PSK31 and PSK63, sends and receives color thumbnail portraits by PSK63, displays 24 PSK63 channels simultaneously, and features semi-automatic mode selection between PSK63 and PSK31. Merely left-click on a PSK63 signal to copy, or right-click on a PSK31 signal to copy.[ Hits: 1912 | Votes: 3 | Rating: 7 ]
- RX-PSK31- Easy to use Audio Spectrum and PSK31 decoding program specially designed for SWL's who don't need TX or for anyone who just like to monitor PSK31 or analyse signals. Adjustable DSP and Spectrum settings for audio and frequency spectrum to set for best decoding of PSK31.
- RX-PSK31- Easy to use Audio Spectrum- and PSK31 decoding program specially designed for SWL's who don't need TX or for anyone who just like to monitor PSK31 or analyse signals. Adjustable DSP and Spectrum settings for audio and frequency spectrum analasys or to set it for best decoding of PSK31 signals. By ON6MU[ Hits: 2810 | Votes: 2 | Rating: 10 ]
- SIM PSK 31- SIM PSK 31/63 (Integrated Structured Message BPSK31) is a digital mode based on BPSK that use a structured predefined coded format to send messages, windows free software developed by Nizar Ben Rejeb
- TrueTTY- Program for amateur radio digital communications via a sound card. Supported modes are RTTY (Baudot code), ASCII (7 or 8 bits), PSK31 (BPSK and QPSK) and AMTOR-FEC (SITOR-B, NAVTEX). SELFEC SITOR decoding is possible also. No additional hardware required, need only a sound card. Optionally you can use simple circuit fo PTT-control. Can cooperate with RZ4AG AAlog logger.[ Hits: 17924 | Votes: 855 | Rating: 7.35 ]
- WinPSK- Windows 95/98 based program to decode PSK31 mode by AE4JY, freeware
- WinPSKse- WinPSKse is a logical outgrowth of WinPSK as designed and written by AE4JY. The look and feel is intentionally similar, but some significant changes have been made, not the least of which is the ability toreceive two PSK31 signals simultaneously.[ Hits: 4885 | Votes: 20 | Rating: 6.71 ]
- WinWarbler- A free soundcard application supporting PSK31, PSK63, RTTY, CW, and Phone operation. It can decode all PSK QSOs within a 4 KHz segment, maintaining a sorted list of heard callsigns; it can simultaneously decode RTTY via soundcard and an external modem, generates CW directly or via WinKey, and includes a voice keyer. WinWarbler interoperates with the free Commander, DXKeeper, and SpotCollector for transceiver control, logging, and spotting.
- WO-PSK- Simple to set up PSK31 programme with some useful features.[ Hits: 2273 | Votes: 10 | Rating: 6.71 ]
- YG-PSK- Simple PSK31 and RTTY program based on the AE4JY PSK engine. Logging inlcudes 10-10 and VP number. Exports to ADIF and CSV.
- Zakanaka- A digital mode decoding and terminal program that uses no terminal unit, terminal node controller, or multimode hardware.It does all its decoding using the sound card inside the computer, and it can interface with a radio using a COM port.Zakanaka is an extremely cost-effective way of operating PSK31 and RTTY[ Hits: 21357 | Votes: 43 | Rating: 7.07 ]
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